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A gasket is a mechanical seal that fills the space between two mating surfaces, generally to prevent leakage from or into the joined objects while under compession. Gaskets allow "less-than-perfect" mating surfaces on machine parts where they can fill irregularities. Gaskets are commonly produced by cutting from sheet materials, such as gasket paper, rubber, silicone, metal, cork, felt, neoprene, nitrile rubber, fiberglass, or a plastic polymer (such as polychlorotrifluoroethylene). Gaskets for specific applications may contain asbestos. It is usually desirable that the gasket be made from a material that is to some degree yielding such that it is able to deform and tightly fills the space it is designed for, including any slight irregularities. A few gaskets require an application of sealant directly to the gasket surface to function |
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There are many varieties in flange gasket for flanges of pipes. The gaskets for flanges can be divided in major different categories:
- Sheet gaskets
- Ring Gaskets
- Square / Rectangle / Oval / Odd Shape Gasket
- Asbestos Gasket
- Graphite gaskets
- spiral wound gaskets
Sheet gaskets are simple; they are cut to size either with bolt holes or without holes for standard sizes with various thickness and material suitable to media and temperature pressure of pipeline. Spiral wound gaskets are also used in high pressure pipelines and are made with stainless steel outer and inner
rings and a center filled with spirally wound stainless steel tape wound together with graphite and PTFE, formed in V shape. Internal pressure acts upon the faces of the V, forcing the gasket to seal against the flange faces.
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